Infectiveness And Effectiveness Tests Of Arbuscula Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) In Increasing The Availability Of Nutrient P, Total Microbes, And Soil Respiration In Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Seeds

Abstract

This study aims to analyze root infection and spore types by mycorrhiza and examine the effect of biofertilizers on soil biological and soil chemical properties. The study used a single-factor Randomized Blok Design (RBD) with 6 treatment levels and 10 replications. Biofertilizer test treatments are control (A); standard NPK fertilizer (15-15-15) 2,5 g (B); 20 gr biofertilizer (C); 1 standard NPK+20 g biofertilizer (D); 3/4 standard NPK+20 g biofertilizer (E); and 1/2 standard NPK+20 g biofertilizer (F). The results showed that treatment with 3/4 standard NPK + 20 g of biological fertilizer (E) was able to colonize the roots of oil palm seedlings by 100%. The highest number of spores 94 spores/10 g, was found in the treatment of 1 standard NPK + 20 g of biological fertilizer with 6 types of spores, they were; Glomus sp1, Glomus sp2, Glomus sp3, Acaulospora sp1, Acaulospora sp2, and Acaulospora sp3. Application of mycorrhiza and various doses of NPK to oil palm seedlings showed an increase in the availability of phosphorus, total microbes, and respiration in the soil. Treatment of 1 standard NPK + 20 g of biological fertilizer was the best treatment in increasing the availability of P, which was 68,98 ppm. The highest total microbial population was found in the treatment of mycorrhizal biofertilizer 1/2 NPK + 20 g of biofertilizer, which was 31,76 x 105 SPK/g. The highest respiration was found in the treatment of 3/4 NPK + 20 g of biological fertilize, which was 7,94 g C/day.